Curler for permanent waving of hair



June 18, 1929. g. F. JANcKE CURLER FOR PERHANET WAVING 0F HAIRl Filed March 1928 [n1/en for.

Patented June 18, 1929.

UNVIEDsTii'rEs4 PATENTl OFFICE BENNO r. JANCKE, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, AssIGNOR To TOWNSEND MANUFAC- TUBING COMPANY, INC., Oi NEW YORK, N. A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

CURLER FOR PERMANENT WAVING O' HAIR.

Application filed March 2,

This invention relates to cnrlers lused in permanent waving of hair, and provides improvements therein.

. The invention provides a curler which cooperates more reliably and effectively to produce a permanent wave in hair than prior types of curlers. The invention further provides a curler particularly keffective in producing waves in young or new growth hair.

1t further provides a curler of the character described which is of simple construction and which may be manufactured at moderate cost. f

According to the presentv invention, the

V curler is of a construction which acts under the influence of the heat used in waving, and during steaming, to stretch or to further stretch the hair wound thereon, and thereby more effectively aidy in producing the alteration by which the wave is made. Y

A number of embodimentsv of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawing wherein- 1 f f Figures 1,2 and 3 arevrespectively, two views in elevation 90 apart and acrosssection on line III-111, Fig. 2, of one embodiment. f

Figs. l and 5k of a second embodiment, Fig. 4 being partly broken away to show `parts in section.

Figs. 6 and 7 are respectively, a view in elevation and in cross-section on line VII- VII of a thirdembodiment. 1

Fig. 8 isa cross-sectional View illustrating a slight modification of the' construction shown in Figs. 6'and 7.

Fig. 9 is a'view partly inelevation and partly in vertical section of a fourth e`mbodiment; and l f f' Figs. 10 and 11 are respectively, views of a fifth embodiment, Fig. 1() being a view partly in elevation and partly in vertical section; Fig. 11 is` a sectional view. on an enlarged scale of the thermal-expansion element.

Fig. 12 illustratesa sixthembodiment, it being shown in longitudinal section.

Figure 13 is a cross-sectional viewshowingfy the device in use.y V n Referring to said drawings, numeral 10 designates the curler as afvvhole. The curler is conveniently tapered toward its lower end, and 'also is convenientlyround or approxircurler. l 1 f y I The expansion of thecurler be effectedr are respectively, a` view in elevation and a cross-section on line `V-Vk 192s. serial No. 258,642.`

lmately round in cros`s-section- A Itress of hair 1s rather tightly `wound, around the curler, and usuallyaround `the lower portion thereof indicatedbyy the numeral l2. Morecurler-may be inserted. Any Other/suitable means for` binding the tress of hair to the curler may be used. y i i f f According to the present invention, means are provided for expanding under heat thesy curler or part thereof around which thetress of n hair is wound, and thereby stretch or furtherstretchlthe wound hair.k Thereby,

when'the curleris used `in waving hair, and a tress-Of hair is wound thereon, and subjected" to steaming in the usual process of hair wavying, there is ,al simultaneous stretching .or kkadditional,stretching of the hair by reason ofthe-expansion ,of the curler, and a better and more effective Wave thereby effected thanf without the yuse of they thermal expansible by a. great variety of means. The curleror the part thereof ulponwhich fthev hair'ris wound, comprises an outer portion 14, and a thermal expansible part 16, adapted when heated, to expand or press the part 141 radially f outward, and thereby stretch the tress of ywound hair. Conveniently,`the part `111 is l formed of metal, andkpart 16, also' formed ,of metal, hasy a different degreeof expansiony y yunderheat thanthepart 14. Further-more, the ycur'ler preferably `comprises longitudinal 'y vportions which are movable independently, in.vr

order to facilitate the expansion of the device.y

6,7, 8 and 9, these are indicated by numerals The form f of these independently rmovable portions maybe' various. In Figs. "1, 2, 3, e5

composed of thestrips Hand '16, which are y 'conveniently welded, brazed ory otherwise 4secured together, and' preferablysecured at the outer end to the strip 30hy rivets, as in- '10" kdicated at 32. f The strips 16,!whichare of metal, haver a greater degreejof expansion under heat than the part 14. Consequently,

. when the curlcr is heated, the strips 14 and 16 expand radiallyy outward. y

f In Figs. 4 and 5 the curler 1s conveniently'V provided with a plurality,r here shown as expandunequally, and the strips buckle causing in this instance the lower ends to move or four, of independently movable longitudinal sections. formed of metal, and behind these and conveniently attached thereto are ystrips 16, the metal having a dil'ferent degree of expansion under heat from the parts 14. These parts -14 and 16 are conveniently attached to a sleeve 36, by means of rivets or thelilre, as indicatedat 38. When heatis applied, the strips 16 expand to a. greater extent than the strips 14, and there is consequently a buckling `and outward movement or expansion of the lower ends, which hasthe effect of stretching the hair' wound on the curler. In this embodiment'the center or' core is conveniently hollow, and a twisting rod 40 is provided therein;` The lower end of therod 40 projects Vat the lower" endV of the curler, and is provided with a narrow crotch 15 which renate short of the ends of the rod. is applied, the part 16 expands to a greater `ccives andholds` the string which isV usually used to Vfasten the tress nearest the scalp to the curler. The oppositeV endV of the rod 40 preferably projects at the outer end.

i Vhen the rod 40 and-the sleeve 36 are grasped, s

and the rod twisted, the tress-of hair wound on the curler is tightened thereon. A ratchet 42 on theV rod, inside of the sleeve, `servestov Vprevent back rotation of the rod 40.

'f In Figs. 6 and 7 there is shown anotherembodiment. In this embodiment the curler is conveniently formed `of a composite solid rod consisting of the outer portion 14 and the inner portion 1601i metal having a dinerent degree of expansion under heat than the part 14. The longitudinal portions 20, 21 are conveniently provided by slitting `the said composite rod. This slit, as shown, may termi- VVhen heat Y extent thanthe part 14, buckling the said Cil parts. This causes an expansion or'radial outward movement-along the length of the rod, which by reason of the tapered form of n the rod isgreaterat the lower end than at the top. A modification of the form shown in Figs. 6 and -7 is shown in Fig. 8. Instead of malring the vcurler as a solid rod, it may be composed ot two tubes, the innermost', 16, having a` greaterkdegree of expansion under heat than the youter portion 14. It may be slit longitudinally in similar manner to the embodiment yshown in Figs. 6 and 7.

In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 9,

1 the construction is ygenerally thel same as that shownin Figs. 1', 2 and 3. There is, however,

. incorporated additional means adapted to operate` tov hold the eXpansible portions in expanded position, so as to remain in the po-WV T-he outer parts 14 are convenientlysition to whichthey have been enpanded after theV heat has been removed. This means conveniently comprise a wedge 51 adapted to be moved aser when the expansible porallow the portions 20, 21 to move inward after they are cool and it is desired to restore the uparts to normal position.

In F igs. 1() and 11, in which another'embo'dnnent vis illustrated, the curler is conveninently-'iormed of a plain tube, this .tube also conveniently being slit to provide a: pluralkity oi'findependently movable ylongitudinal sections 20, 21, 22, 23. Inside of this tube there is placed a spiral strip 60.V The strip is conveniently composed oi' two metals,

one of which has a greater degree of expansion than the other. One end of this spiral strip 60. is attached to the eurler, as by means of rivets 62. `When the spiral strip 60 is subjected to heat, the differential expansion of its two parts causes itftobuckle and to uncoil. The uncoiling broadens the diameter of the coil, and consequently spreads the eX- pansible portions of the Vcurler, as for eXamy ple the longitudinal portions 20, 21, 22,23.

In Fig. 12 there is illustrated a further embodiment. In this embodiment the curler comprises atube 12 preferably of metal having a relatively high coeliicient of expansion, and is also preferably made very thin so as to'be capable of expansion, or it maybe slotted it desired. NumeralA 16 designates the lmeans for expanding the tube 12,V and is conveniently composed of a rod or tubeinside of and attached in suitable manner to the ends or spaced portionsfof the vtube 12 and has a lower coefficient of expansion than the tube 12. 1 Tube 16 is conveniently made of invar stee v In wavingyoung hair, orthat part nearest the scalp, which is the latest growth, it is desirable lto giveV these portions a greater stretch than the other portions of the hair,

due to the greaterelasticity ot the new hair.`

y This is provided for bythe presentinvention.

In Fig. 13 they device is shown in use. A

` strand ot hair is wound on the curler 16 as shown at y. Around this is placed a wrapper a or envelope 75A enclosing a moistened vab-4 sorbent such as a piece of blotting paper 77.

Over the wrapper 75is placed a heater containing-the heatingjwire 80.-! The heat from theheater causes the moisture in the ab- CII sorbent 77 to steam, heating hair and also the curler '10, causing it to unctionas hereinbefore described.

The heater shown is claimed in my application Serial No. 230,839, filed November l, 1927. Any other form of heater may be used.

The invention may receive various other embodiments than rthose herein speciiically illustrated and described.

Wlhat is claimed is l. A curler for permanenthair Waving around which a tress of hair is adapted to be Wound, and means expansible under heat adapted to expand said curler to stretch or to further stretch the hair Wound on said curler.

2. A curler for permanent hair Waving around which a tress of hair is adapted to be Wound, and means expansible under heat adapted t-o expand said curler to stretch or to further stretch the hair Wound on said curler, said curler comprising longitudinal portions capable of independent movement.

3. A curler for permanent hair Waving around which a tress of hair is adapted to be Wound, and means expansible underheat adapted to expand said curler to stretch or to further stretch the hair Wound' on said curler, and means adapted to hold said curler in expanded position.

curler, said curler further comprising means A rotatable thereinto which one end of a tress f of hair is adapted to loe fastened, and adaptedv to be turned to tighten the Winds of hair'on said curler.

5. A curler for permanent hair Waving comprising a part around Which a tress of hair is adapted to be Wound, and a part having a greater degree of expansion under `heat than said part on Which said hair is Wound f adapted to radially extend said latter part. n

6. A curler for permanent hair Waving, around which a tress of hair is adapted to be wound, of metals of diiierent degrees of eX- pansion, adapted under the inuence of heat f to bulge saidcurler outwardly and expand the tress of hair Wound thereon( 7. A curler for permanent rhair Waving, according to the preceding claim7 comprising longitudinal independently movable portions. i

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

BENNO F. JANCKE. 

